
Tetrapeptide & Coenzyme Research
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NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, oxidized form) is a fundamental coenzyme present in all living cells and is essential for cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair, and the regulation of aging pathways. It is central to research on sirtuins, PARP enzymes, and cellular energetics.
NAD+ serves as a hydride acceptor in redox reactions of glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and beta-oxidation. As a substrate for sirtuins (SIRT1-7), it regulates gene expression, mitochondrial biogenesis, and stress resistance. PARP enzymes consume NAD+ for DNA repair. CD38 uses NAD+ for calcium signaling. Declining NAD+ levels with age are linked to metabolic dysfunction and reduced sirtuin activity.
Research includes sirtuin activation and HDAC biology, cellular energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, DNA repair mechanisms, aging and longevity research, NAD+ decline models, PARP biology, calcium signaling, neurodegeneration models, and NAD+ precursor comparison studies.
Mitochondrial & Anti-Aging Peptides
| Property | NAD+ | Epitalon | MOTS-c | GHK-Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Coenzyme / NAD+ Precursor | Synthetic Tetrapeptide | Mitochondrial Peptide | Copper-Binding Tripeptide |
| Molecular Weight | 663.43 g/mol | 390.35 g/mol | 2,174.38 g/mol | 340.38 g/mol |
| Amino Acids | — | 4 | 16 | 3 |
| CAS Number | 53-84-9 | 307297-39-8 | 1627580-64-6 | 49557-75-7 |
| Formula | C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂ | C₁₄H₂₂N₄O₉ | C₈₉H₁₄₆N₂₆O₂₆S | C₁₄H₂₃CuN₆O₄ |
| CURRENT | View Product → | View Product → | View Product → |
Research Use Only. All products sold exclusively for in vitro and qualified laboratory research. Not FDA-approved and not for human or animal consumption.
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